National Counselor Exam (NCE)

In family systems theory, whose work are the terms "enmeshed" and "disengaged" associated with?

1. Virginia Satir

2. Murray Bowen

3. Salvador Minuchin

4. Carl Whitaker

The correct answer is: Salvador Minuchin

The terms "enmeshed" and "disengaged" are key concepts within family systems theory, particularly associated with Salvador Minuchin's work. Enmeshment refers to the situation where family members are overly involved in each other's lives, leading to a lack of boundaries and individual autonomy. This can result in difficulties for family members in separating their own identity from that of the family unit. Conversely, disengagement describes a scenario where family members are overly distant, resulting in a lack of emotional support and connection. This dynamic can also lead to problems, as individuals may feel isolated or unsupported within the family context. Minuchin’s contributions to family therapy emphasized the importance of family structure and the interactions among family members, highlighting how these issues of enmeshment and disengagement can impact the functioning of the family system. Understanding these concepts is crucial for counselors working within a family systems framework, as recognizing the balance between connection and autonomy can guide therapeutic interventions aimed at promoting healthier family dynamics.