National Counselor Exam (NCE)

What does a null hypothesis imply in experimental research?

1. There will be no differences between the experimental and control groups

2. All outcomes are determined by the independent variable

3. Differences observed are due to the treatment applied

4. There are significant differences between the experimental groups

The correct answer is: There will be no differences between the experimental and control groups

In experimental research, a null hypothesis serves as a foundational concept that assumes no effect or difference exists between the groups being studied. Specifically, it implies that the experimental group, which receives a treatment or intervention, will not differ from the control group, which does not receive the treatment, regarding the outcome being measured. This hypothesis is critical in guiding the research process, as it provides a baseline that can be tested through statistical analysis. When researchers accept the null hypothesis, they conclude that any observable effect is a result of chance rather than the treatment itself. If the data shows sufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis, they can infer that the treatment did have an effect. Thus, the implication of no differences between the experimental and control groups is fundamental to establishing whether the treatment has a significant impact. The other options suggest outcomes that do not align with the null hypothesis. They imply effect or difference, which contrasts with the underlying premise of the null hypothesis. Establishing the null hypothesis is essential for the integrity of experimental research, ensuring that any observed effects can be tested and validated statistically.